Activity of Lantana camara and Aframomum angustifolium Streptococcus extracts on Pneumoniae and Klebsiella Pneumoniae.

Abstract

The major aim of this study was to examine the invitro antimicrobial activity of Lantana camara and Aframomum angustifolium extracts on Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae are microorganisms responsible for pneumonia, an upper respiratory tract infection. Symptoms include: nasal obstruction, sore throat, tonsillitis, sinusitis and common cold. In Uganda (2015), 1.72 million cases of the infections were estimated to have occurred. Some bacteria strains have acquired antibiotic resistance therefore infections cannot be reliably treated. Antibiotics are beyond the reach of a common man since they are expensive therefore many people have resorted to the use of herbs without validation hence the need for scientific study of traditional plants with medicinal value. The two-study plant material were collected from Iganga and taken to Makerere herbarium for validation. The plant materials were cleaned, air dried and pulverized. crude compounds were extracted by maceration under ethanol. Extracts were concentrated by rotary evaporation. Agar well diffusion was used to determine the diameter of inhibition of the different plant part extracts against the bacteria on Muella-Hinton agar. Serial broth dilution was used to determine minimum inhibitory concentration of the plant extracts. Tests were carried in triplicates. The data obtained was analyzed using MS excel and the R package version Rx644.0.3. Two-way Anova was used to compare the different means(p<2e-16). This study shows that a combination Lantana camara and Aframomum angustifolium is a potential drug for the treatment of pneumonia infections. However, in low concentrations of 0.065g/l, there was no effect of plant extracts on the bacteria strains. Therefore, a combination of the two plant extracts can be used as effective drugs in high concentrations of 0.5g/ml. Individual plant extracts were more effective on Streptococcus pneumoniae than Klebsiella pneumoniae. There was a significant effect of each of the drug extracts in high concentration of 0.5g/ml on each of the bacteria strains.