Mapping and monitoring of floods using sentinel 1A in Obongi District.

Abstract

This research report has been written in partial fulfillment of the reward of a degree in Bachelor of Science in Land surveying and Geomatics. The topic aims at mapping and monitoring of floods and their causes along river Nile in Obongi district using SAR data and the specific objectives are; to map the flood extents in Obongi district along river Nile and to investigate the spatial and temporal changes of River Nile in Obongi district due to flood events and this data is intended provide information can be used for providing lasting relief solutions to the affected individuals in the district by the ministry of disaster preparedness and refugee. Temporally the research revealed that in 2018 and 2019 more areas were flooded in hectares with 2020 with more flood events while spatially the central and the southern parts of Obongi district were hit most compared the northern parts throughout the study periods. The causes of flood in Obongi district indicted that rainfall is the main factor leading to the raising levels of river Nile though its interactions with other factors like catchment characteristics and human activities resulted in to the flooding events in Obongi district. This research also suggested continuous mapping and assessing the landcover/ land uses changes in order to quantify their causes on flooding and monitoring of the river should be done throughout to understand its dynamics even during times when there is no flood to understand distribution the of the factors that has led to the spatial and temporal variation in the flood extent and sensitization of the local committee in Obongi district about consequences of human activities that do not follow the principle of environmental conservation on flooding and taking strict measure on the defaulters in order to minimize flooding resulting from those human actives in order to mitigate severe flooding consequence.