The prevalence of Tem gene among the E.coli and klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from Makerere University microbiology laboratory

Abstract

. viii ABSTRACT Introduction: The Enterobactericeae comprise a large family of clinically significant gram negative bacteria. They cause over 30% of the morbidity and mortality associated with bacterial infections. Resistance to beta-lactam antimicrobials in Enterobactericeae has been due to largely the presence of beta-lactamase enzymes which are coded by variety of genes, many more which appear to be mutants to the classic TEM genes. Unfortunately, the prevalence of TEM gene in Uganda is not well known. Objectives: To determining the prevalence of TEM gene among the E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria in isolates from Makerere University microbiology laboratory Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from Makerere University Microbiology and molecular biology laboratories. The study involved 46 isolates of E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae that had shown resistance to different antibiotics. DNA was extracted from the bacteria using CTAB method, amplified by a PCR and then quantified with a QUIBIT FLUOROMETER. These DNA extracts were screened for the different TEM gene using two standard controls, a; positive and negative control. Results: A total of 46 isolates of E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae that had shown resistance to different antibiotics were analyzed. The prevalence of TEM gene in E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates was 47%. Conclusion: This study revealed that there is a high prevalence of TEM gene from the clinical isolates of drug resistant E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Uganda. Routine screening of TEM gene in clinical isolates to prevent dissemination of resistant isolates in health care settings is very important and needed more frequently. Modules on safe drug disposal and appropriate self-medication should be included in education programs to maintain the habits in check.