Slaughter of Pregnant Cows and Small Ruminants: Prevalence and End Uses of the Retrieved Foetuses.

Abstract

Livestock production plays a vital role in Uganda's agriculture, contributing to the welfare of the population and the economy. However, the inadequate production of meat to meet the growing demand for animal protein is a concern. The slaughter of pregnant animals, particularly cows and small ruminants further exacerbates this challenge and arguably possess a significant challenge to sustainable livestock production and development in Uganda. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of slaughter of pregnant animals and the value chain of the retrieved foetuses. To achieve the objectives of the study, structured questionnaires were administered to butchers and livestock traders, and visual observations were conducted during the slaughter process. A total of 1,764 cows, 803 goats, and 571 sheep slaughtered in Kampala Metropolitan city abattoirs were included in the study and analysis. The results revealed that all respondents had encountered the sale or slaughter of pregnant cows, ewes and does, with varying perceptions and attitudes towards the practice. The study showed a higher prevalence of females (57.6%) being slaughtered more than males (42.4%), with 37.45% of the slaughtered females being pregnant. The overall prevalence of foetal retrieval was 41.79% (1310 foetuses recovered), with does exhibiting the highest prevalence, followed by cows and ewes. The retrieved foetuses were utilized for academic study (3%), human consumption (2), livestock feed (6%), feeding zoo carnivores (8%), and predominantly as pet food (81%). This study highlights the need to address the slaughter of pregnant animals in Uganda's livestock sector. The findings emphasize the importance of raising awareness, implementing regulations, and promoting sustainable practices to ensure the future growth and development of livestock production.