Optimizing site matching using elevation gradient in termite- infested areas.

Abstract

Eucalyptus plantations are economically and ecologically important in Uganda. However, their success is threatened by termite infestations which can cause substantial damage and losses. Recognizing the need for suitable planting strategies, this study investigated the influence of elevation and associated soil moisture gradients on termite distribution and activity in the Nyabyeya forest plantation. Elevation zones between 1100-1200m were delineated and stratified random sampling was used to establish sampling plots. Soil moisture content and termite infestation indicators were assessed. Regression analyses evaluated relationships between elevation, soil moisture and termite mounds. Results indicated a significant negative correlation between elevation and soil moisture content. Soil moisture explained 64.9% of its variation with elevation. Termite mound distribution exhibited a strong negative correlation with soil moisture (R2=0.854), significantly declining with increasing moisture. While elevation alone weakly predicted termite activity, it indirectly impacts moisture levels. The findings provide valuable insights into termite ecology and highlight the importance of soil moisture conditions. Identifying low-risk planting locations based on moisture optimization can promote sustainable plantation management. The research contributes to minimizing termite damage through targeted site selection, optimizing growth conditions for eucalyptus cultivation.