Design optimization for a wind-powered water-pumping system to minimize recurrent costs

Abstract

This report presents an optimization study conducted to design an efficient and cost-effective renewable energy system for water pumping in the Karamoja region. The background highlights the region's wind power potential and the need for sustainable and affordable solutions for water supply. The problem statement emphasizes the high operating costs and environmental impact associated with the current water pumping system. The objectives of the study were to minimize overall system costs, maximize renewable energy penetration, and improve the financial viability and environmental sustainability of the water pumping system. The optimization process utilized HOMER Pro software to evaluate three options: a wind turbine and photovoltaic (PV) solar system, a wind turbine and generator system, and a combination of wind turbine, PV solar, and generator system. Based on the analysis, the wind turbine and PV solar system proved to be the most favorable option. It consisted of an 8.41 kW solar PV array, two wind turbines, storage batteries, and a converter. The system achieved a reduction of operating costs by 55.43% and net present costs by 51.6% compared to the current system. Furthermore, it generated sufficient power to meet the water demand of the Moroto district while producing zero CO2 emissions. In contrast, the wind turbine and generator system exhibited increased operating costs, making it financially infeasible. The system comprising a generator, wind turbine, and PV solar showed a reduction in operating costs but emitted toxic gases, compromising its environmental impact. The study concluded that the Karamoja region possesses significant wind power potential, making wind turbines a viable energy source for water pumping. The proposed wind turbine and PV solar system demonstrated superior cost-effectiveness and environmental benefits, offering substantial reductions in operating costs and net present costs compared to the current system