Secondary school students’ experiences and perceptions of domestic violence in their families in Mitooma sub-county, Mitooma district

Abstract

This study aimed to explore the experiences and perceptions of secondary school students regarding domestic violence in their families in Mitooma Sub- County, Mitooma District. The research was guided by three specific objectives: to explore the types of domestic violence secondary school students experience in their families, to examine how specific forms of domestic violence affect their mental health, academic performance, and overall well-being and to analyze their perceptions of domestic violence. A qualitative research approach was used, employing in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with students, teachers, and parents from selected secondary schools in Mitooma Sub- County. This is because experiences and perceptions are best studied qualitatively since they are subjective to the participants who provide information. The sample size of the study was 33 which constituted of 24 students ,4 teachers, 2 administrators and 3 parents. Data were analyzed thematically using a codebook developed from the transcripts. The study found that students are exposed to various forms of domestic violence, including physical, emotional, sexual, economic abuse, and neglect. These experiences negatively impact their mental health causing anxiety, sadness, and trauma and contribute to poor academic performance, absenteeism, and social withdrawal. Perceptions of domestic violence among students varied, with some viewing it as normal and others as harmful or unacceptable and the others also viewed it as a learned behaviour often shaped by cultural norms and family experiences. The study concludes that domestic violence significantly undermines the well-being and educational outcomes of secondary school students. It recommends the integration of psychosocial support services in schools, community sensitization on child protection, and the strengthening of policies aimed at preventing domestic violence. These interventions are essential in promoting safe, supportive environments for students both at home and in school.