Assessing the patterns, perceptions and factors influencing utilization of ivermectin among cattle farmers in Nakaseke District

Abstract

Ivermectin, a macrocyclic lactone with broad-spectrum antiparasitic activity has gained widespread recognition as a valuable tool in the arsenal of cattle farmers to combat parasitic challenges. While its efficacy in controlling parasites is undeniable, the implications of its missuse such as occurrence of residues in animal products, soil, and water bodies, as well as the development of tick and anthelmintic resistance, pose significant concerns. This study assessed ivermectin utilization patterns, practices among cattle farmers and frequency and purpose of purchases in veterinary drug stores in Nakaseke district. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 106 cattle farmers and 7 drug shop workers in Nakaseke district. Data was collected through structured researcher-administered interviews, using a questionnaires and analysis was done in STATA Version 17. All the 100 farmers agreed to have been using ivermectin on their farm. The primary reason for using the drug was to make the skin look good and shiny, 37.7% (40/106). Other reasons for using the drug included treatment and prevention of ticks (27.4%), treatment and prevention of worms (9.4%) and treatment and prevention of skin diseases (12.3%). Majority of the farmers administer the drug sub-cutaneously 99.1% (105/106) while 20.8% (22/106) also administered thedrugtopically mixed with a crop pesticide called dudu acelamectin. Many farmers lacked knowledge about proper usage of the drug hence posing potential risks to both animal and human health. In conclusion, ivermectin is widely used among livestock farmers in Nakaseke District, but it's irrational use for cosmetic purposes and in combination with crop pesticides warrants education of cattle farmers, stricter regulations, and continued surveillance of its use.