Evaluating knowledge of the referring clinicians of selected health facilities in Kampala about the IREFER guidelines for plain abdominal radiography

Abstract

Background: To enhance the value of imaging in healthcare, many bodies have established evidence-based imaging referral guidelines in the past years. This has realized benefits like reducing healthcare expenses and improving healthcare outcomes. Even with the existence of such guidelines, many unnecessary radiology investigations continue to be carried out. This underpins a hypothetical view that clinicians in current practice have abandoned such established Guidelines. This study was centered on the the iRefer guidelines, drafted by the Royal College of Radiologists (RCR) in the United Kingdom. Objectives: The study was conducted with one General objective, “To assess the knowledge of the referring clinicians about the iRefer Guidelines for plain Abdominal radiography.” Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that involved quantitative data collection method. The data collection tool used was a structured Questionnaire form which was distributed both in a paper format and online using a kobo toolbox link with participation being voluntary. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics. Findings: Most respondents were male (60.1%), early-career clinicians (52.7% had ≤5 years experience), and worked in government facilities (48.8%). Only 20.2% had heard of the iRefer Guidelines, with awareness higher among specialists, radiologists, and those with >15 years of experience. Knowledge levels were generally low, with an average score of 2.7/10 in the radiology department being the highest among all groups. Despite this, compliance rates were moderate to high, particularly among clinicians with longer experience (88.9% in those >15 years). Key barriers included lack of awareness (61.9%) and limited accessibility (23%), while education and guideline availability were the most suggested improvements. Conclusion: In conclusion, the referring clinicians have very low knowledge about the iRefer Guidelines for plain abdominal radiography.