Factors influencing the utilization of contraceptive use among female students with disabilities at Makerere University

Abstract

This study investigates the factors influencing the utilization of contraceptives among female students with disabilities at Makerere University. The study was guided by three main objective these included; to identify the personal, social and institutional factors that enhance contraceptive use among female students with disabilities; to assess the role of educational programs in improving knowledge and utilization of contraceptive methods among female students with disabilities and to explore social influences on contraceptive decision making among female students with disabilities. Using an exploratory qualitative research design, data were gathered from eleven participants who were selected purposively. The participants included nine female students with disabilities and two key informants. The study revealed that access to inclusive and disability-sensitive sexual and reproductive health (SRH) information plays a crucial role in enhancing contraceptive use among female students with disabilities. Workshops, peer-led discussions, and campus-based educational programs were identified as key channels that improved awareness, corrected misinformation, and increased confidence in making informed contraceptive choices. Peer networks were found to be a major source of SRH knowledge and support. Students with prior training or awareness in reproductive health acted as trusted sources of guidance for their peers, particularly for those with visual, hearing, or mobility impairments who often faced barriers in formal systems. In addition, social and familial influences emerged as central to contraceptive decision-making. Cultural and religious beliefs, limited family communication about sexual and reproductive health, and prevailing societal attitudes toward disability and sexuality shaped how students navigated contraceptive choices. While some influences were supportive, others led to hesitation, silence, or reliance on peers rather than formal health systems.