Knowledge attitudes and practices towards feeding management of transition crossbred dairy cows in Kampala Metropolitan Areas: case of Wakiso District

Abstract

Uganda's dairy industry is a vital component of the national economy, with substantial growth driven by smallholder farmers adopting high-yielding crossbred dairy cows. However, the sector operates below its optimal potential, partly due to suboptimal management during the crucial transition period (three weeks before to three weeks after calving). This period is critical for preventing health disorders and maximizing subsequent milk production. This study aimed to assess the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) of smallholder farmers regarding the feeding management of transition crossbred dairy cows in the Wakiso District of the Kampala metropolitan area. A cross-sectional survey methodology was used to gather data on existing practices, awareness of nutritional requirements and health risks, and the attitudes influencing management decisions. The findings indicate significant gaps in farmer knowledge regarding proper dietary adjustments, Body Condition Scoring (BCS), and metabolic health monitoring during the transition period. These knowledge deficits directly influence on-farm practices and negatively affect animal health, milk yield, and overall farm efficiency. The results highlight an urgent need for targeted agricultural extension services to bridge these KAP gaps, ultimately improving herd health outcomes, optimizing milk production efficiency, and ensuring the long-term sustainability of the smallholder dairy sector in Uganda