Efficacy of selected pesticides in the control of soybean rust and insect pests

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Soybean (Glycine Max (L.) Merrill) is an important crop in Uganda and a fast growing economically important crop in the world as it is the cheapest source of plant protein and income to farmers. Despite breeding for high yielding and disease tolerant soybean genotypes, there are still major challenges to increasing soybean production. At each growth stage, soybean is attacked by many pests such as aphids, thrips, stinkbugs, leaf beetles and diseases most importantly soybean rust (fungal disease) that if present in sufficient infestation and infection can result into total yield loss. Though breeding for resistant varieties has been at the forefront of research, the wide variety of soybean rust causal agent strains and their ability to develop resistance against multiple genes and low levels of success registered in breeding insect resistant varieties necessitates sourcing out other soybean pest and disease management tactics which include use of chemical pesticides. This study was therefore set up to evaluate the performance of four pesticides in two trails, Trial one: Carbaryl 7.5% WP, a mixed formulation of Abamectin 1.8% and Acetamiprid 3% EC (insecticides) and untreated control in the management of soybean field pests and Trial two: Mancozeb 80% WP, a mixture of Mancozeb 640g/kg and Cymoxanil 80g/kg (fungicides) and untreated controlin the management of soybean rust. The experimental site was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Treatments were applied at 15 days from planting and then after every 10 days. Data was collected on plant parameters of height, number of branches and number of leaves, scores of fungal diseases severity, pest incidence and yield parameters. Results from trial one indicate that the mean number of pods per plat, number of branches, plant height, number of leaves per plant were not significantly affected by the insecticide treatments (P>0.05)while the insect pest infestation levels and damage, plant biomass, total marketable yield and the weight of 100 seeds were significantly affected (P<0.05) and the mixed formulation of Abamectin and Acetimiprid was a better insecticide compared to the Carbaryl. For trial two, the fungicide treatments had no effect on the number of branches, and pods per plant, they significantly affected the plant height and number of leaves in season two, soybean rust severity, the weight of 100 seeds, biomass and total marketable yield (P<0.05).The mixture of Mancozeb and Cymoxanil had better control of soybean rust compared to Mancozeb only. (1.028Mb)
Author
Ndirugendawa, Shadia
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http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12281/5343
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