Carriage of NDM and IPM carbapenem resistance genes among E.coli and K.pneumoniae isolates from Mbarara

Abstract

Background: The increasing prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae strains is related to high mortality and it is increasing around the world. Among the Enterobacteriaceae family, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli are among the most common agents of community- and hospital-acquired infections and have reportedly high incidence of carbapenem-resistance. Thus, the purpose of this work was to estimate the frequency of New Delhi metallo-lactamase(NDM) and Imepenemase metallo beta lactamase(IMP)carbapenem-resistant genes in K. pneumoniae and E. coli in human stool isolates from Mbarara. Methods: This was a laboratory-based study conducted between December and February 2022, using of isolates of E. coli and K. pneumonia from human stool samples from Mbarara, Uganda. Delhi metallo-lactamase (NDM) and Imepenemase metallo beta lactamase (IMP) genes were obtained following culture of isolates using lysogenic broth(LB) for 24hours, DNA was extracted using CTAB extraction method genes detected using molecular method polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and amplicons were analysed by gel electrophoresis and visualized under uv light at Molecular Laboratory, Makerere University. Results:We found that the prevalence Carbapenem-resistant E. coli was 15.6%, with NDM contributing 9.4%) and IMP contributing 6.3%. Conclusion:The prevalence of NDM and IMP is high. This is a great public health concern. For this agent with limited treatment options. There is urgent need for monitoring programs to prevent emergency and further spread of resistance genes and further studies should be done to determine other genes associated with Carbapenem resistance among other organisms. This will provide sufficient data to enable comparability of results across different organisms and sites.