Lived experiences of young student mothers in rhino refugee settlement, Madi Okollo District, West Nile Region, Uganda

Abstract

This study explored the lived experiences of young student mothers between the ages of 16 to 24 years old, in Rhino Refugee Settlement schools in Uganda, with attention to the social and emotional experiences of young student mothers the factors contributing to early motherhood within a refugee context. The study was conducted using detailed interviews, along with case studies featuring young mothers who are students, as well as key informants who possess knowledge and experience related to the research topic. The study was guided by Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) and Resilience Theory since the research aimed to understand the lived experiences of young student mothers while continuing their education in a humanitarian context. Data were analyzed thematically to capture nuanced insights into participants’ daily realities and the findings revealed that emotionally, the young student mothers recounted experiences of guilt and shame, loneliness and fear of isolation from peers, family members, and teachers at school, but also expressed determination, hope, and a strong desire to secure a better future through schooling. Despite profound challenges, many young mothers mobilized resilience by relying on internal strengths and external support systems within families, peer networks, and schools. Socially, experiences such as isolation from family and peers, stigma within schools and communities, and subtle forms of discrimination that undermined their confidence. Their narratives also reflected resilience, as some student mothers drew strength and empowerment from facing these adversities, demonstrating persistence in both motherhood and education. Early motherhood within the settlement was also largely shaped by the harsh living environment, characterized by overcrowding, inadequate resources, and uncertainty, as well as by insufficient parental guidance and supervision. Poverty and the constant struggle to meet basic necessities further heightened vulnerability, while cultural norms and practices and peer influence reinforced pathways to early pregnancy. Beyond these structural and cultural pressures. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of young motherhood in refugee contexts and provides grounded recommendations for informed interventions aimed at reducing early motherhood, enhancing school retention, and supporting the psychosocial wellbeing of adolescent mothers.