The contribution of agroforestry practices to the livelihoods of farmers in Moroto Municipality, Moroto District

Abstract

This study investigated the contribution of agroforestry practices to the livelihoods of farmers in North Division, Moroto District, Uganda. The objectives were to assess agroforestry practices within the agropastoral farming system, evaluate their role in improving farmers' livelihoods, and examine farmers’ perceptions of agroforestry as a sustainable land-use approach. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, with data collected from 60 households using structured questionnaires, key informant interviews, focus group discussions, and transect walks. The findings revealed that scattered trees, home gardens, boundary planting, and silvopastoral systems are the most commonly practiced forms of agroforestry in the region. These practices contribute significantly to food security, household income, and the provision of essential resources such as firewood, fodder, shade, and medicinal plants. However, several challenges hinder their full adoption, including free-ranging livestock, prolonged drought, pest infestations, and limited technical knowledge. Despite these obstacles, most farmers viewed agroforestry positively and were willing to recommend it to others. It is concluded that agroforestry, when supported with appropriate knowledge and resources, agroforestry can enhance livelihoods and contribute to environmental conservation in the district. The study recommends increased farmer training and awareness, policy support, and integrated approaches to overcome existing challenges.