Improving safe water access through automation of groundwater into gravity flow scheme

Abstract

Access to safe water is a crucial factor for socioeconomic transformation, improving health, raising living standards, and enhancing economic productivity in a country. However, the three administrative units of Nama Sub-County, Kyampisi Sub-County, and Goma Division in Mukono District face challenges in accessing safe water. This study aims to design gravity flow schemes in these units to increase their safe water coverage to match the district average of 68%. The objective of this water supply project is to provide safe water to meet present and future demand in the three lower local government units of Mukono District by utilizing potential groundwater production wells. To achieve this, the study determined the current and projected population of the study area and estimated the daily water demand for different design periods. Additionally, hydrologic and topographic data were evaluated to form the basis of the design, with a focus on pipe network layout and performance. Using the Epanet2.2 software, based on Hazen William's equation, the pipe network layout of the gravity flow system was meticulously designed and analyzed. The proposed system involves pumping underground water into a higher reservoir and distributing it to the communities through gravity, eliminating the need for excessive borehole drilling. The Bill of Quantities confirmed that implementing this system is more cost-effective than drilling 52 boreholes to achieve the required safe water coverage. Successful implementation of this project will significantly improve safe water coverage in Nama Sub-County, Kyampisi Sub-County, and Goma Division, promoting sustainable development and enhancing the overall living conditions of the population. This initiative not only addresses the access to safe water challenge but also provides a cost-effective solution, ensuring a reliable and sustainable water supply.