Prevalence and host related risk factors of haemonchosis in sheep In Nakapelimoru Subcounty, Kotido District, North Eastern Uganda

Abstract

Haemonchus contortus is widely acknowledged as one of the most pathogenic gastrointestinal nematodes causing significant economic losses in small ruminant production systems. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Nakapelimoru sub-county, Kotido district, North Eastern Uganda to determine the prevalence and associated hostrelated risk factors of haemonchosis in sheep. Fecal samples were collected from 355 randomly selected sheep across three parishes (Kopsang, Kalobor, and Lookorok) and examined using the simple test tube floatation method and coproculture. The overall prevalence of strongyle eggs was 49.58 % (176/355) while the specific prevalence of Haemonchus contortus confirmed via coproculture and larval identification was 25.35 % (90/355). Statistical analysis using the Chi-square test revealed no significant association (P > 0.05) between Haemonchus infestation and host risk factors including sex (P = 0.958), age (P = 0.650) and body condition score (P = 0.841). These findings indicate that Haemonchus contortus is widespread across the sheep population regardless of individual host attributes emphasizing the critical need for broad-based, whole-flock control and prevention strategies within this pastoral system.