Prevalence of SHV gene in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from Microbiology Laboratory

Abstract

Introduction: Antibiotic resistance due to beta lactamases is one of the most forms seen in many bacteria. Other forms of bacterial resistance include; limiting uptake of drugs modifying drug target, efflux of drugs through specific pumping mechanism among others. Extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBLs) are rapidly evolving group of beta lactamase enzymes produced by Gram negative bacteria. These enzymes are derived from SHV genes and other related genes such as TEM, CTX-M. Extended spectrum beta lactamases have the ability to hydrolyze all cephalosporins and aztreonam but are inhibited by clavulanic acid. Most ESBLs are mutants of SHV genes first described in Enterobacteriaceae. There have been few studies conducted on the resistance against antibiotics yet the resistance rate is increasing daily with daily use of the antibiotics to cum the bacterial infections. Therefore, there is need to study the prevalence of these genes that code for the enzymes responsible for the resistance and hence reduce on this global problem of resistance. Aim; The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of SHV gene in E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. Methodology; 68 E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were obtained from the microbiology laboratory, antimicrobial susceptibility test done, DNA extracted and Conventional PCR and agarose gel Electrophoresis were done to determine the presence and proportion of the gene SHV. Results; Out of the 68 samples, 8 samples i.e., 11.8% were positive for SHV gene. Conclusion; The use of the higher antibiotics should be restricted in health facilities as far as possible and infectious control program should be monitored closely in order to contain these ESBLs producing Enterobacteriaceae. SHV encoding resistance is detecting in high prevalence among the Enterobacteriaceae isolates, and SHV plays an essential role in the resistance of ESBL producers.