Prevalence of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection and susceptibility of urine isolates to Cephalosporins among women diagnosed with urinary track infection in China-Uganda Friendship Hospital Naguru.

Abstract

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are one of the most frequent clinical bacterial infections in women, accounting for nearly 25% of all infections. An estimate of 50%-60% of women report having suffered UTI in their lives with approximately 8.3 million Outpatient visits (OPD) and > 1 million hospital admissions for the overall annual cost >$1 billion (WHO 2008). Study objectives: The general objective of the study was to determine the Prevalence of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection and susceptibility of urine isolates to Cephalosporins among women diagnosed with urinary tract infection in China-Uganda Friendship Hospital - Naguru (CUFH-N) Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study employing quantitative methods. The sample size was 147 women presenting with UTI. Systematic sampling method was employed in the selection of respondents. Participants presenting with Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections (RUTI) had their urine samples collected for culture and sensitivity testing. Data was entered and analyzed using STATA version 17. Data was presented in forms of tables, pie charts and graphs. Results: A total of 147 clients participated in the study. The prevalence of RUTI was 70 (47.6%). The risk factors for RUTI were; age group 18-25 years 29 (41.4%), married 27(38.6%) (p-value 0.001), secondary level of education and below 40(57.1%) (p-value, 0.034), monthly income of ≤ 250,000 Uganda shillings 39(55.7%) (p-value,0.008), and age at first UTI below 25 years 49(70%) (p-value, 0.048). The most urine isolate was E. coli 25(65.8%) and K. pneumoniae 12(31.6%). Susceptibility of E. coli to ceftazidime and ceftriaxone ranges from 36-48%. E. coli was less susceptible to cefuroxime 8%. K. pneumoniae had a susceptibility range of 25-83% to cephalosporins used. Conclusion: There is high prevalence of RUTI. The major risk factors for RUTI are; age, marital status, level of education, level of income, and age at first UTI. The most urine pathogen for RUTI is Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. There was significant susceptibility to ceftriaxone and high resistance to cefuroxime.