Knowledge and the Screening Practices for Type 2 Diabetes among Kyambogo University Staff, Kampala, Uganda.

Abstract

Introduction: Knowledge is considered a key component in any future onset of diseases including its prevention and detection. Knowledge of diabetes risk factors, symptoms, prevention, prevention, management, and complications are important because it can motivate people to assess their risk factors, and if they have the disease, seek proper treatment and healthcare and adjust their lifestyle for a lifetime (Moodley & Rambiritch, 2014). Methods: The study employed a descriptive quantitative study design. 221 participants were selected using a proportionate sampling method. Knowledge was assessed using modified Diabetic Knowledge Questionnaires (DKQ) as validated by Menino, Maria, & Clarisse, (2017). 27 questions were used to assess five knowledge areas of diabetes. Responses were scored 0-27 (0-100%) and graded ≤74% as low knowledge and ≥75 as high knowledge. Mean, median, mode, range, and standard deviation scores for the five knowledge areas were obtained. Data was entered into Excel and analyzed using SPSS for correlation analysis and the level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results: The overall mean knowledge score for participants was 76%. Knowledge of what diabetes mellitus is, risk factors and symptoms were low at ≤74%. Participants’ knowledge of complications and prevention of diabetes was high. Screening practice was low with only 94(42%) of the study participants reporting to have screened for diabetes. Self-referral and recommendations from the medical workers were the main motivators for their screening practices. Lack of information about screening was the major reason for not screening (52.8%). Discussion: The study provides a baseline understanding of diabetic knowledge and screening practice. There is a need for policymakers to improve information and communication to the public regarding diabetes and particularly screening for the disease especially to those at risk to address the gaps that exist.