Assessing the impact of GBK factory on the water quality of river Rwizi: a case study of Mbarara city.

Abstract

The rapid industrialization and urbanization witnessed in recent years have led to increasing concerns about the quality of natural water bodies, particularly in urban areas. This study sought to assess the impact of the GBK Factory on the water quality of River Rwizi in Mbarara City. The objective of this research was to determine the Physiochemical quality of water in River Rwizi upstream and downstream of the GBK factory and determine the quality of effluent from the GBK factory before it enters River Rwizi, a method approach was employed, including water sample collection, and laboratory analysis. Water samples were collected at multiple points along river Rwizi, both upstream and downstream of the GBK Factory, to evaluate variations in water quality parameters. Key physicochemical parameters examined included pH, EC, temperature, and dissolved oxygen were used to determine the overall ecological health of the river. Preliminary findings indicate noticeable changes in several water quality parameters downstream of the GBK Factory. These changes may pose potential risks to aquatic life and human health in the surrounding areas. This study contributes valuable insights into the environmental challenges posed by industrial activities in urban settings and underscores the need for effective environmental management strategies. It is expected that the findings of this research will inform policymakers, environmental agencies, and industrial stakeholders in Mbarara City and beyond about the importance of sustainable industrial practices and proper wastewater management