| dc.description.abstract | As residual chlorine reacts with bulk water and materials like Fe and Mn, bio films etc found on the pipe walls during its distribution, it decays. With time, the amount of chlorine residual will be not be enough to ensure maximum bacteriological safety of the water. This can put the lives of human beings at risk as harmful microorganisms will be present in the water. These harmful microorganisms cause water borne diseases. Thus it is necessary to determine the rate of decay of chlorine in treated water in order to maintain the right amount of residual chlorine in the water (0.2 – 0.5mg/L). This study therefore determined the rate of decay and hence concentrations of chlorine in treated water and ensure 0.2 – 0.5 mg/L of residual chlorine reaches the network. The rate of chlorine decay in the bulk and wall has been shown to be exponential with the amounts to be dozed so that the residual remains 0.2 mg/L after time t have also been predicted. A good agreement between the numerical data and exponential data has been obtained. The model of chlorine residual decay could be used to predict disinfectant chlorine residual concentrations at different points of the network and also determine locations for boosting. Correct chlorine measurements reduce costs since when the correct chlorine amount is added, none will go to waste. A specific amount of chlorine can also be bought with no excess that could go to waste. Monitoring of chlorine residuals in the network should be based on water age, water quality and pipe materials. Places with older pipes should be monitored more often. The initial chlorine amount should be accurate after a chlorine demand test. The initial chlorine concentration in the water determines how long the chlorine will stay in the water | |
