Risk factors of substance use among youth in Munyonyo

Abstract

This study examined the risk factors influencing substance use among youth in Munyonyo, Kampala District. Primary data were collected from 96 respondents aged 15–50 years using a structured questionnaire and analyzed through univariate, bivariate, and multivariate methods, including a probit regression model. Descriptive statistics indicated that 52% of respondents had engaged in substance use within the past 12 months. Econometric analysis revealed that age, gender, education level, religion, employment type, family history of substance use, and mental health status significantly influenced the likelihood of substance use. Older age, being female, having a family history of substance use, and experiencing depression or anxiety increased the probability of engaging in substance use, while primary education, Anglican or Muslim affiliation, and employment in clerical, service, or technical occupations reduced the likelihood of substance use. Monthly income had a small but significant negative effect. Based on these results, the study recommends early prevention programs targeting adolescents, gender-sensitive interventions, integration of mental health services, promotion of stable employment opportunities, faith-based outreach, and family-centered counselling. These strategies are essential to reduce substance use and promote healthier lifestyles among youth in Munyonyo.