Integrating mass haul diagrams with digital terrain modelling for sustainable earthwork management

Abstract

The optimisation of earthwork operations is a key determinant of cost-efficiency and sustainability in infrastructure projects. This study explores the integration of Mass Haul Diagrams (MHDs) with Digital Terrain Modelling (DTM) to enhance earthwork planning, reduce resource wastage, and minimize environmental impact in road construction. Utilizing soil classification systems (USCS and AASHTO), the research assesses cut and fill volumes, soil usability, and potential material reuse along a 1-kilometer road section in Uganda. A comparative analysis between traditional and integrated mass haul approaches revealed a significant reduction in waste—where traditional methods classified only 4% of cut material as reusable, the integrated approach identified 65% of material as either directly reusable or reusable with stabilization. Additionally, the study developed a conceptual framework for integration, enabling improved earthwork scheduling, haul distance planning, and resource allocation. The findings affirm that integrating MHDs with DTM substantially contributes to sustainable earthwork management through precise volume estimation, reduced environmental degradation, and enhanced decision-making.