Opportunities and challenges of community-based tourism towards sustainable tourism development. A case study of Kikorongo village in Queen Elizabeth National Park.

Abstract

This study investigated the perceptions of community-based tourism (CBT) in Kikorongo Village, concentrating on its economic and social advantages, the challenges encountered during implementation, and suggestions for future growth. The study was guided by the following objectives: to evaluate residents' understanding of the opportunities of CBT, assess its economic effects, and identify primary challenges and benefits related to CBT. To generate data for these objectives, a mixed-methods approach was employed, which included usage of structured questionnaire and in-depth analysis. Data generated was later analyzed with the help of STATA tool for interpretation. The findings indicated significant economic benefits, with approximately 85% of respondents reporting increased household incomes due to tourism activities. Socially, 70% noted enhanced community interactions and cultural exchanges, while 78% acknowledged improved environmental awareness. However, challenges such as inadequate training (65%), poor infrastructure (60%), and language barriers (55%) were identified as obstacles to effective CBT implementation. The results suggest that while CBT presents substantial opportunities for sustainable development, addressing these challenges is crucial for maximizing its benefits. Recommendations include targeted training programs, improved infrastructure, and inclusive decision-making processes to ensure equitable community participation in tourism development. In conclusion, the study highlights the multifaceted nature of community-based tourism in Kikorongo Village, revealing both its potential benefits and the challenges that need to be addressed. The positive economic impacts and social cohesion fostered through CBT are significant; however, issues such as funding limitations, inadequate training, and environmental pressures must be tackled to ensure sustainable growth. By integrating local insights with strategic planning, Kikorongo can enhance its approach to CBT and maximize the benefits for all community members. To improve the effectiveness of community-based tourism in Kikorongo Village, it is essential to implement targeted training programs that equip residents with necessary skills for active participation in tourism activities. Enhancing infrastructure will facilitate better access for tourists and improve the overall visitor experience. Additionally, fostering inclusive decision-making processes will ensure that all community voices are considered in tourism planning.