Assessing the Impact of Construction Activities on the Environment.

Abstract

The construction sector is considered as one of the main sources of environmental pollution in the world. It has massive direct and indirect effects on the environment. Kampala is witnessing widespread construction projects which increase the pressure on the ecosystem and generate various pollutants. Kampala is suffering from deteriorating ecosystems due to limited natural resources, deteriorating economic and political situation, escalating population growth, and lack of awareness of environmental issues. The aim of this study is to assess the environmental impacts due to building construction projects activities in Kampala and propose some suggestions in curbing down these adverse impacts. A total of 100 questionnaires were distributed to professionals working in the construction industry. The environmental impacts are categorized into three safeguard subjects: ecosystems, natural resources, and public impacts. The results of this study revealed that dust generation, noise pollution, operations with vegetation removal, and air pollution are the most significant environmental impacts of construction projects. The results also revealed that labors and those who are working in the construction sector are the most exposed group of people to health problems such as respiratory problems, liver, cancer, hearing impairment, hypertension, annoyance, sleep disturbance, and other cardiovascular adverse effects. In addition, the public impact was found as the most important category that affects the environment in Kampala. It is recommended to enhance the knowledge and awareness of construction participants with regard to environmental impacts of construction and enact strict laws to attempt curbing down the adverse impacts of construction such as enforcing institutions to conduct environmental impact assessment (EIA) in the early stage of the projects. The results of this study can help decision makers to identify major construction impacts on the environment and make environmentally friendly construction plans in the early stages of construction.