Factors influencing the existence of road accidents in Uganda (a case study of Kasese District)

Abstract

Road traffic accidents remain a leading cause of injury, disability, and death globally, with Africa registering the highest fatality rates. In Uganda, despite government interventions such as traffic law reforms, infrastructure development, and police enforcement, the number of road accidents continues to rise. This study examined the factors influencing the existence of road accidents in Uganda, focusing on Kasese District as a case study. Specifically, the research investigated the extent to which human, climatic, and mechanical factors contribute to road traffic accidents. The study employed a qualitative design and used self-administered questionnaires to collect data from 85 respondents in Kasese District. Data were analyzed at both univariate and bivariate levels using descriptive statistics and t-tests in STATA. Findings revealed that human factors such as excessive speeding, wrong overtaking, irresponsible behavior, and drug use were the major contributors to road accidents. Climatic conditions, particularly road potholes, poorly maintained roads, and heavy rainfall, were also identified as significant contributors. Mechanical errors, especially brake failure and defective lights, further exacerbated accident occurrences. The study concludes that human factors are the most dominant causes of road accidents, followed by poor road conditions and vehicle mechanical failures. It recommends stricter enforcement of road safety regulations, regular vehicle inspections, improved road maintenance, enhanced driver education, and public awareness campaigns to reduce accident prevalence. These findings are critical for policymakers and stakeholders in designing effective interventions to improve road safety in Uganda.