| dc.description.abstract | In 2015, 4.5 billion people lacked safely managed sanitation services: only 13% of the households in Africa and 18% in Asia connected to the piped sewerage network, while 47% in Africa and 30% in Asia relying on non-piped sanitation systems (with adequately disposed or treated excreta), with 80% of the wastewater going into waterways without adequate treatment leaving them exposed to health hazards in form of diseases that have a toll on their health like cholera. Furthermore, transportation of faecal sludge from the source to the destination involves a variety of expenditures, including fuel, handling, maintenance, and capital costs, among others, as well as acting as a source of greenhouse gas emissions which have an impact on the sustainability of the cities. Carrying out this research aimed to assess the link between the costs and greenhouse gas emissions associated with two transport systems for faecal sludge thus obtaining a ratio for decision making.
A case study that was limited to only 360CM of faecal sludge for each system was conducted in the areas serving Lubigi sewage treatment plant. It was observed that in as much as the sewer line system of transport contributed 82.5% to the total transportation costs compare to 17.5% by truck system, 0.0002% greenhouse gas emissions are emitted from the sewer line compared to the 99.9998% from the truck system, making it environmentally friendly on this basis while making truck system economically cheap. The sewer line was found to cover 11.9% of the total transportation distance where as the truck system covered 88.1% of the transportation distance. This was obtained after a total from both systems among these parameters was made and the proportions of each system according to the parameters obtained.
Analyzing the proportion of greenhouse gas emission to transportation cost both cumulatively yielded a proportional constant of 0.133 for truck transport system and 286186 for sewer line system. This indicated that whereas for truck system the cost of the greenhouse gases emitted accumulated at a faster rate because of less requirement of inputs of the parameters, for sewer line system, accumulation of the cost for the green house gases emitted required a much more input of the parameters in order to experience a change from one unit to another. | en_US |
