An internet of things based system to control load shedding for undersized generators in public hospitals

Abstract

In Uganda, majority of the infrastructure and equipment in public hospitals are acquired through donations. The donors usually provide backup generators sized according to these infrastructure, and as the load increases, these generators get undersized. This project focuses on addressing the challenge of an undersized generator supplying power to a public hospital during a power outage. The goal is to develop an intelligent load shedding control system that prioritizes critical loads while gradually shedding less critical loads over time. The project involves the design and implementation of a prototype that consists of two systems i.e. the fuel measurement system and the load control system. The fuel measurement system uses an ultrasonic sensor to measure fuel and sends these readings to a NodeMCU (Microcontroller Unit). The NodeMCU wirelessly sends the fuel readings to another NodeMCU (main controller) via a Wi-Fi connection. The load control system uses voltage and current sensors to measure voltage and current of each load category. It thereafter uses relays to turn on and off the loads. Load monitoring and manual control is also possible over a web UI (User Interface). The project emphasizes the importance of communication, training, and continuous monitoring to ensure effective power management during emergencies. The project’s outcomes aim to enhance the hospital’s resilience, minimize blackouts, manage resource utilization, and improve patient care during grid outages.