Factors that influence child labor in Northern Uganda: evidence from the Uganda National Household Survey 2019/2020

Abstract

This study aims to explore the factors that influence child labor in Northern Uganda using evidence from the Uganda National Household Survey (2019/2020) data set collected by The Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS). Child labor remains a persistent issue globally affecting millions of children and Northern Uganda is no exception. The study aims to identify and analyze the various socio-economic, cultural, and demographic factors that contribute to child labor in the region. Analysis was done at three levels that is univariate analysis where frequency distribution tables were generated for the variables, bivariate analysis which included the measure of association between the independent variables and child labor using Pearson’s chi- square test and multivariate with the measure of likelihood of an event (odds ratio) at a 5% level of significance. This dissertation investigates the economic landscape of Northern Uganda where poverty, limited household income, deep-rooted cultural norms, and lack of access to quality education compound the prevalence of child labor. The main aim was to uncover the unique economic and social circumstances that force children into exploitative labor arrangements often robbing them of their potential and exposing them to hazards that affect their physical and mental well-being. Furthermore, this research scrutinizes the existing legal and policy framework concerning child labor in Uganda, evaluating its efficacy and identifying gaps that hinder effective enforcement. The recommendations include poverty alleviation strategies, educational reforms, legal enhancements, and community awareness campaigns. This dissertation not only advances our understanding of the factors influencing child labor in Northern Uganda but also offers pathways for policymakers, NGOs, and stakeholders to effect meaningful change. By addressing these challenges head-on, we aim to pave the way towards a brighter and more equitable future for the children of Northern Uganda where their rights are safeguarded and their potentials are unleashed.