| dc.description.abstract | wildfire is an uncontrolled fire that occurs mainly in forest areas, although it can also
invade urban or agricultural areas. Among the main causes of wildfires are human factors,
either intentional or accidental. In recent years, the number and impact of forest fires are
expected to grow as a consequence of global warming. In order to fight against these disasters,
it is necessary to adopt a comprehensive, multifaceted approach that enables a continuous
situational awareness and instant responsiveness.
The approaches used to solve this problem included satellite-based systems, optical sensor and
digital cameras, wireless sensor networks, manual patrol, among others. Satellite-based systems
gather satellite images using two satellites launched for forest fire detection purposes. However,
the satellites provide images of the regions of the earth after every two days and this is a long
time for fire scanning.
Optical sensor and digital cameras produce images after every while. However, the images
consist of a number of pixels where the processing unit tracks the motion in the images and check
how many pixels contain smoke or fire glow and then it sends the results to another algorithm
to decide whether or not to produce an alarm for the operator. However, the images produced
may not be clear due to weather conditions hence leading to false alarms. In wireless sensor
networks, the sensors sense physical parameters such as temperature, pressure and humidity
as well as chemical parameters such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen dioxide
but they do not necessarily detect fire.
The proposed system presents a lot of improvement in the current methods such as detecting
and reporting a fire in real-time and providing the exact point in the forest where the fire
has been detected. The system users will be alerted of the fire through SMS and a mobile
application for appropriate action to be taken to put out the fire. | en_US |
