Academic submissions (CoBAMS)

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https://dissertations.mak.ac.ug/handle/20.500.12281/4082

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    Access and Utilization of Antenatal Care Services among Pregnant Women in Uganda: A Case Study of Uganda
    (Makerere University, 2018-09-13) Nayiga, Hellen
    Antenatal care contributes to good pregnancy outcomes and often times benefits of antenatal care are dependent on the timing and quality of the care provided. Antenatal care is necessary to establish confidence between the woman and her health care provider, to individualize health promotion messages, and to identify and manage any maternal complications or risk factors. In low and middle income countries, complications of pregnancy and childbirth are the leading cause of death in women aged 15–19 years. This study aimed at investigating the access and utilization of Antenatal Care services among the pregnant women in Uganda. Hence the study analyzed ANC utilization in Uganda using a sample of 8476 women data set from Uganda Demographic and Health surveys (UDHS, 2011) and data was analyzed at univariate and bivariate levels. The research analyzed the influence of the different independent factors among women of reproductive age groups (15-49) years within the country on ANC utilization. These factors included; age of respondents, education level, residence, wealth index, source of ANC, region, religion and marital status. The majority of women that were interviewed were aged 15-19 years 23.6 percent. Among women that were interviewed, majority were from the rural with 80.2 percent. Most of the respondents had gone through primary and had their percentage as (59.4%). Majority of them were Catholics (40.6%). The majority of women that were interviewed were currently in union at 62.5 percent, belonged to the richer households (25.9%), were from central region (41.1%) attended ANC (95.7%) from government facilities (66.1%) At the second level analysis at the second level, chi square tests were used to establish the relationship between dependent and independent variables, a highly significant relationship was found to exist between utilization of ANC and all independent variables with the exception of marital status, place of attending ANC and religion. It was found that, age, education attainment, wealth index, type of place of respondents, and region were significant with p-value <0.005. The recommendations of the study were: the researcher implores the government to work on roads and construction of more health centers so as to improve on the time taken to reach the health centers. Also the government needs to employ more health workers in the health centers
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    Analyis of risk factors associated with GUDs among women of reproductive age 15 - 49 in Rakai District
    (Makerere University, 2018-09) Ssemwatika, Brandt Hermus
    The overall focus of this study was to analyse and understand what risk factors (social, economic and demographic) were associated with GUDs among women of reproductive age (15 - 49). The study was guided by two specific objectives one of which was to determine the prevalence rate of GUDs and the other objective was to determine the factors associated with GUDs. Chi square, bivariate and multivariable logistic regression in STATA 14 were used in finding results. From a sample of 9,243 women, only 1,236 women reported to have had any GUD infection in the past 12 months implying a low prevalence rate 13.37%. The results in table 1 reveal that age (X2P <= 0.001), marital status (X2P <= 0.001), education level (X2P <= 0.001), residence (X2P <= 0.001), occupation (X2P<= 0.001) and HIV status (X2P <= 0.001) of women in reproductive age have an effect on GUD. Because their P-values <= 0.001 which is less than the significance level of 0.05, we reject the null hypothesis of independence between GUDs and the mentioned socio demographic factors. From the multivariable logistic regression analysis, women with the following characteristics had higher odds of experiencing GUD as compared to their corresponding reference categories: previously married women (OR = 1.068, CI: 0.912 1.251), primary literates (OR = 1.335, CI: 1.027, 1.735), secondary literates (OR = 1.080, CI: 0.814, 1.432), urban residents (OR = 1.151, CI: 1.003, 1.321), bar/rest (OR = 1.004, CI: 0.801, 1.258), fishing (OR = 1.090, CI: 0.226, 5.253), trade/shop (OR = 1.104, CI: 0.936, 1.303) and HIV positive (OR = 2.151, CI: 1.874 2.469). From the results drawn, there is a decrease in the prevalence of GUDs among women of reproductive age (15 - 49) from 18.6% in 2003 (Serwadda, et al., 2003) to 13.4% in 2011.
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    Analysis of behaviors and practices related to the risk of HIV infection among poor communities in urban slum. A case study of Government Lodge Kapchorwa Municipality
    (Makerere University, 2018) Cherotwo, Levi
    HIV epidemic has already devastated many individuals, families, and communities. The epidemic has left millions of children orphaned, has disrupted village and community life. And increasingly contributes to the erosion of civil order and economic growth and this study analyzed the behaviors and practices related to the risk of HIV infection among the youth in slum areas with a case of Government lodge, Kapchorwa municipality. This was done through examining the behaviors and practices of the youth related to HIV infection, social economic and cultural activities of the youth that expose them to risk of HIV infection, youth perception towards HIV/AIDS and preventive measures taken by the youth to avoid getting HIV infection in Government lodge. A quantitative study was carried out and the target was the youth living in Government lodge Kapchorwa. a sample of 96 respondents were selected using simple random sampling and interviewed using questionnaires and the data collected was captured and analyzed using SPSS. Univariate analysis of variables was carried out to examine each individual variable in details, frequency tables and bar graphs were being used at univariate level. At bivariate level variables were compared to establish the existence of relationships between variables, this was done using chi-square tests and cross tabulation The findings showed that the major HIV risk related behaviors among the youth in government lodge were alcoholism and having more than one sexual partner, unemployment was also a very serious issue and condom supply was inconsistent. Most of the youth in government lodge did not attain ordinary level certificate of education. This study concluded that the government should equip the youth with vocational skills to solve the problem of unemployment among the youth, the government also through organizations like reproductive health Uganda, family planning should increase the provision of HIV related information (sensitization) and supply of condoms to such places as bars and dark corridors so as to reduce unprotected sex. Government through the local leaders should encourage the youth about the importance of education so as to reduce school dropouts and unemployment.
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    An analysis of customer satisfaction in relation to e-Banking. A case of Centenary Bank, Mapeera Branch
    Sentamu, Allan
    The main purpose of the study was to analyze customer satisfaction in relation to e-banking: a case of Centenary bank Mapeera branch. The objectives of the study were; to analyze the relationship between problem resolution and customer care and e-banking, to examine the relationship between facilities and e-banking, to examine the relationship between ease of use and e-banking, to examine the relationship between account information and e-banking and to analyze the relationship between confidence and e-banking. The current research uses a questionnaire-based primary data to uncover determinants of customer satisfaction. For conducting customers’ survey, Likert scale based questionnaire was developed after the review of literature. Collected data was analyzed using statistical methods viz. descriptive statistics, ANOVA and cross tabulation. The cross tabulation results confirmed that problem resolution and customer care is not related to e-banking while facilities, ease of use, account information and confidence are related to e-banking. The researcher recommended that customers can be done good to by taking on technology in banking sector which will effect in reduced cost of banking operations, convenience and in addition ease of use of e-banking services. They should learn the modern developments in e-banking and adopting these will result in larger satisfaction
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    Analysis of determinants of male circumcision: A case study of South Western Uganda
    Guhirwa, Racheal
    In spite of the efforts made by several stakeholders to reach out to most men, there is still low uptake of male circumcision in Uganda and the South Western region of Uganda in particular. This study sought to analyze the determinants of this male circumcision status in the South Western region of Uganda and also to find out the extent of uptake of circumcision among men, their knowledge about AIDS in relation to male circumcision and the extent to which socio-economic factors have influenced the male circumcision status. The study targeted the male population aged 15 to 54 years. Secondary data was used from the Uganda Demographic and Health Survey datasets specifically, the male recode. The data was analyzed using Pearson correlation that was used as a basis for establishing association between the various socio-cultural factors and the male circumcision status. Results showed that 24.3% of the respondents were circumcised. The results further indicated that all the respondents had knowledge about HIV/AIDS. At the bivariate level, the circumcision status was found to have a significant relationship at 5% level of significance, with residence, education level, religion, wealth status and whether the respondents had tested for HIV/AIDS. The results also showed that there was no significant relationship between male circumcision and knowledge about HIV/AIDS. The conclusion is that male circumcision prevalence is low among the males in South Western Uganda and a significant number of men have not taken up the idea of getting circumcised. The major factors affecting uptake of circumcision are residence, education, religion, wealth status and having been tested for HIV. Since high circumcision is associated with wealth, urban residence, Islamic religion, secondary education and having not tested for HIV, the study recommends strengthening wealth- creation programs, use of a variety of communication tools and working hand in hand with all religious leaders to increase knowledge about MC in rural areas and in other religious settings, starting programs which keep male children in school and integration of male circumcision into other health units and departments like HIV department to increase accessibility and availability of these services to people who go for HIV testing than having to look out for specific health centers.
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    Analysis of factors determining the nutritional status of undergraduate students in Makerere University
    (Makerere University, 2019-07) Abakwase, Annita
    The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors determining the nutrition status of undergraduate students at school of statistics and planning. The assessment was based on students’ upkeep, parents’ income, students’ employment status, sponsor and the cost of meals using primary data sourced from students from school of statistics and planning using a sample of 96 students. Data was collected from respondents using a self-administered questionnaire and through entering filled questionnaires into Stata a computer program, data was analyzed analysis was made at three different levels that is univariate, bivariate and multivariate. In the results, majority of the surveyed students were unemployed (93%) and only 7% of the surveyed students were employed. Slightly more than six on every ten (61%) of the surveyed students were privately sponsored while 39% were Government students. The average upkeep of students was 636218.8 which is relatively low. At bivariate level, the results show that there is a significant relationship between the number of meals and the students’ upkeep (P<0.05), while parents’ income, whether a student is employed or not, students’ sponsor, and cost of meals are not significantly related the number of meals a student gets a day. In the multivariate analysis, student’s number of meals is significantly associated with his or her amount of upkeep, while parents’ income, sponsor, student’s employment status and cost of meals are insignificantly associated with the number of meals (p>0.05). In conclusion, only one hypothesis was rejected implying that there is appositive relationship between the number of meals and students’ upkeep thus upkeep significantly influences the number of meals a student gets per day. However, the four hypotheses were not rejected which meant no relationship between number of meals and the four explanatory factors (parents income, cost of meals, sponsor and employment status). The study recommends that parents should increase students’ upkeep and also future researchers should look at the nature and impact of meals on the student’s performance.
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    Analysis of the effect of inflation on the profitability of Commercial Banks in Uganda. Case study: Stanbic Bank Uganda
    (Makerere University, 2019-08) Kizza, Esther
    This study was undertaken to establish a relationship between the annual inflation rate and the profitability of commercial banks and the case study was taken to Stanbic Bank Uganda (SBU). The research was guided by three research questions that is to say: i) to determine the relationship between return of assets and the inflation rates. ii) To determine the relationship between SBU customer deposits and the inflation rate. iii) To establish the relationship between profits and the inflation rate. The study adopted secondary data about inflation rate, SBU customer deposits, return of assets, and the profits of the bank. The data was analyzed using inferential statistics with the help of statistical package for social scientists (SPSS) program. The regression analysis results were presented in the tables and scatter plots plotted to establish the relationship between the variables. The first major findings was the positive relationship between inflation rate and the return of assets of the bank, as inflation levels rises, so did the bank’s return of assets. The regression analysis of the secondary data showed that inflation has a significant effect on SBU return of assets. The second major finding was that inflation has negative impact on the customer deposits. The third finding revealed that a rise in inflation leads to low bank profits of the bank. The study concludes that further research is needed to establish other major causes of fluctuations in the bank profits apart from inflation which this study has been able to look at.
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    Analysis of the effect of school location on children enrolment: A case study of Matugga Sub County in Wakiso District (UPE Schools)
    ( 2018-08) Nakitende, Luyombya Joan
    The overall was on the effect of school location on children enrolment. 80 households were selected and adults of age 18 and above from each household were interviewed. Purposive sampling was used in the selection of the sample size. This number of households sufficed the purpose of the study as those who were involved were able to share their accumulated experiences on school location and the associated effects of children enrollment. STATA 14 was used to make analysis. According to the study response rate, 55 of the households revealed to have school going children at 68.75% compared to the 31.25% that did not have school going children. ANOVA run on children enrolment against school location and school distance reported P values of (0.004 and 0.0145) respectively which were both statistically significant since the computed P values were less than the given significance level of 5%. Regression analysis was run to investigate the contribution of school location and school distance on children and the statistics reported were (P value = 0.044, Coef = 0.597) and (P value = 0.044, Coef = -0.768). The R value reported was 0.377 meaning 38% of the variations in the children enrolment is explained by school location and school distance.
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