Academic submissions (CAES)
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Itemtest title( 2025)
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ItemE-Learning and Covid-19 pandemic in Makerere University, Kampala-Uganda(Makerere University, 2022)The research relies heavily on the advancement of E-Learning in the higher institution amidst COVID-19 pandemic and how it boosted. It gives clarity that the existence of digital learning has not just been introduced as many perceive it. However, the outbreak of COVID-19 has become an eye opener to people to know importance and relevance of E-Learning like never before. With the closure of different institutions by different states, the alternative option was left to the technological advancements such as E-Commerce, E-Banking, and E-Learning that enabled in carrying out the day to day activities. The atmosphere of E-Learning is the growth of education where the approach of instruction changes to a blended form of learning that is from teacher centered education to student centered education (Hancock, 2002). E-Learning involves the use of online platforms like tools used to access studies on different podiums like Google meet, zoom, Skype among others and technologies to enrich learning to learners (UNSECO, 2020)(Ehlers, 2006). E-learning deals with a mixture of both face-to-face and online education where students can access online materials for 24hours (Stern, 2020).. The occurrence of COVID-19 is regarded as a greatest milestone for the practice of E-Learning in the current era and it has been of importance however, a number of challenges have intervened like networks, ignorance about the use of ICT, internet accessibility among others. The research indicates also that both the students and lecturers have different perceptions about it usage. The consequences involved in its activation in learning and the possible solutions uttered to curb the problems so that its existence continues.
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ItemGrowth performance of grazed indigenous steers offered different feed supplements(Makerere University, 2019-09)Although there are many natural forages available within rangelands, their nutritional content may not be adequate to meet all the animal’s nutrient requirements. Supplementation is therefore vital to meet the animals’ nutritional demands. There is therefore need to determine response of animals to different feed supplements to guide farmers appropriately. The objective of this study therefore was to evaluate the growth performance of indigenous steers raised on a basal diet of Brachiaria spp. and Hyparrhenia rufa grasses supplemented with either cotton seed (CSC) cake, wheat bran (WB) or a combination of the two; in addition to Tithonia diversfolia. The experiment was laid in a completely randomized design consisting of 12 indigenous steers (average weight 95 kg) which were divided into four treatment groups each comprising three animals (replications). Chemical composition of the feeds and, average daily weight and height changes of the animals were determined over a period of 8 weeks. Among the basal feeds, Brachiaria spp. had higher crude protein (12.57%) than Hyparrhenia rufa (5.47%). Yet Brachiaria spp had the higher NDF (40.8%) than Hyparrhenia rufa (38.7%). Regarding the supplements, Tithonia diversifolia had the highest crude protein (28.3%), followed by cotton seed cake (23.5%) and least content was determined in wheat bran (12.8%). However, CSC had the highest NDF (39.2%), followed by Tithonia diversifolia (34.0%) and least was in wheat bran (30. 1%).indigenous steers that were supplemented with CSC and those that received a combination of CSC and WB had higher and similar live weight gains (P ≤ 0.05) compared to those that did not receive any additional supplement and those that received WB alone. Height at withers was not affected by the different diets (P > 0.05), Supplementation with 1 kg of cotton seed cake per animal per day meant a daily cost of 1000shs compared to 600 shs for the animals that were supplemented with a mixture of wheat bran and cotton seed cake. From the findings of xi This study, it is concluded that supplementing animals with a combination of CSC and other cheaper feed resources gives performance equivalent to that of supplementing with CSC alone at a cheaper cost. Farmers should therefore aim at supplementing basal diets with a combination of nutrient rich supplements and cheaper feed supplements to improve animal growth at lower costs.
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ItemDeterminants of Coffee productivity by small scale farmers of Lwanda Subcounty, Rakai District(Makerere University, 2019-10-28)The study was carried out to assess the determinants of coffee productivity by small scale farmers of Lwanda Sub County Rakai District. It was to characterize small scale coffee farmers, determine coffee productivity and to establish the factors that determines coffee productivity among small scale farmers. Primary sources included uses of questionnaires and interviews. Secondary sources included written literature for example textbooks, journals, newspapers among others. The target population was 50 small scale farmers from Lwanda Sub County Rakai District. Random sampling technique was employed to compare views among Small scale coffee producers from four villages which were randomly selected. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 on windows 10 for both descriptive and frequency statistics. A linear regression analysis was run to analyze coffee productivity. Data presentation was in form of tables and figures to help interpret findings and generate conclusions that aided solution to the identified challenges. The research established that gender, age of the respondent, lack of enough labor, access to extension services, low inclusion of youths in coffee production, size of land, number of coffee plants, price per kg and total revenue received by farmers greatly affected coffee production. The study recommended that government needs to sensitize local people about the importance of gender equity on access to land, motivating young people to take up coffee farming enterprise since they are energetic and innovative which can boost productivity and apply fertilizers which will boost productivity through improving soil structure.
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ItemTree Colonisation under Native and Exotic Restoration Plantings in Navugulu Central Forest Reserve, in Central Uganda(Makerere University, 2019-10-28)Forest restoration by planting trees often accelerates succession, but the characteristics of trees that regenerate under the restoration plantings have rarely been evaluated. The current study assessed ecological guilds, growth form, habitat types, dispersal mechanisms, species composition, diversity and structure of trees regenerating under the six restoration plantings in Navugulu forest reserve. Data were collected by laying 10 plots of 50×10 m with a 20 m distance between plots. All trees planted and regenerating in the established plots were measured for height and Diameter at breast height and were recorded. The ecological guilds, growth form, habitat types and dispersal mechanism were obtained from literature. The results showed that most regenerating trees were animal dispersed. Celtis africana, Maesopsis eminii, Terminalia superba and Trichilia drageana supported regenerating trees belonging to all the ecological guilds. Restoration plantings supported regeneration of trees belonging to two growth forms and all restoration plantings supported at least three habitat type. The contribution of restoration plantings to regeneration could be attributed to their capacity to modify soils and atmosphere that enhance growth of a number of species under their crowns. Native tree species i.e. Celtis africana, Maesopsis eminii and Trichilia drageana maybe adopted even in other restoration programmes because these species have proved to create suitable environments for tree regeneration.Non-native tree species like Terminalia superb may also be incorporated in restoration plantings since it can also facilitate tree regeneration. On the whole, restoration plantings have potential to replenish degraded forest areas. Thus, more research needs to be carried out to ascertain the potential of other native and non-native tree species used in restoration programs.