School of Statistics and Planning (SSP) Collection
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ItemA unit-linked micro insurance plan for Ugandan migrant workers (diaspora)(Makerere University, 2025)The main objective of this dissertation project was to design a unit-linked micro insurance product for Ugandan migrant workers, which provide financial protection in the event death of the policyholder, surrender, permanent disability or survival of the policyholder to the end of the policy term along with a structured investment element. The product seeks to create a secure, efficient, and transparent way to remit funds, along with a structured investment element and essential life insurance protection for policy holders and their families in Uganda. The pricing and profit testing techniques was adopted in the design of the models for the calculation of appropriate premiums that would be paid by each eligible individual based on certain factors. The factors considered for this model were age, sex and policy term. Other factors include the demographic profile of the migrant workers, income levels, and specific financial goals and aspiration of the intending policyholder. The policy design considered majorly three decrements, that is, death, permanent disability and Surrender. Actuarial techniques were used and assumptions were taken for the interest rate of 17.41%, a risk discount rate of 18.41%, initial expense of 15% and renewal expense of 5% of premiums, initial commission of 25% and renewal commission of 3.5% of premium, a management charge of 2%, inflation rate of 3.3% and mortality and disability tables were the Kenyan tables deflated to 90%, Premiums were calculated based on the Actuarial principle of Equivalence, this was achieved by balancing equation of value to zero. This process helped to determine appropriate premium to be charged for a specific individual and profits testing involved determining Profits margins over various ages and policy terms which was done in Microsoft Excel for a 25-year-old both male and female. Generalization of the model was done in Python to be able to generate results for various ages across different policy terms. Sensitivity analysis was also done in Microsoft Excel to understand the relationship between premiums and profits margins across various ages and policy terms when each of the assumed variables change while holding others constant. The output show that for a male policyholder between 25 years to 45 yours old, the annual premiums generally ranged between UGX.1,317,042 and UGX.4,944,196 while profits margins ranged from 3.56% to 6.71% for the policy term of 5-10 years. The results also indicate that premiums generally increase with the age of inception of the policy while profits margins decline with increase in age of policy inception across all the policy terms. Overall, the product was more profitable for a 31-year-old male across all terms compared to other ages.
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ItemThe determinants of birth registration among children under five in Eastern and Western Uganda.(Makerere University, 2026)Birth registration provides legal identity and access to healthcare, education, and social protection, yet many children in low- and middle-income countries remain unregistered. In Uganda, coverage varies by region and population group despite efforts by NIRA and government. This study therefore examined the determinants of birth registration among children under five years in Eastern and Western Uganda. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted using secondary data from the 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) PR dataset including children under five years residing in Eastern and Western Uganda. Birth registration was the dependent variable, while socio-demographic characteristics, maternal factors, and household characteristics were examined as independent variables. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis were used to assess factors associated with birth registration, with statistical significance considered at p < 0.05. The descriptive analysis showed that most children were aged 4 years (21.4%), with a nearly equal distribution of males (50.2%) and females (49.8%). The majority of respondents had attained primary education (62.3%), belonged to the lowest wealth quintile (26.2%), lived in male-headed households (74.1%), and resided in rural areas (82.5%). More respondents were from Eastern Uganda (57.1%) than Western Uganda (42.9%), and over half were married (58.4%).Bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test showed that child age (χ² = 33.542, p < 0.001), wealth index (χ² = 22.217, p < 0.001), place of residence (χ² = 5.201, p = 0.023), and region (χ² = 32.991, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with birth registration. The study concludes that birth registration among children under five is influenced by a combination of demographic and socioeconomic factors such as the child's age, place of residence, household wealth, maternal education, and region of residence were. These findings suggest that disparities in access to birth registration services persist and require targeted interventions to improve registration coverage.
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ItemFactors affecting insurance awareness and uptake among students of Makerere University(Makerere University, 2026)This study examined the factors affecting insurance awareness and uptake among undergraduate students at Makerere University. The study was conducted in response to the increasing financial risks faced by students, including illness, accidents, theft, and other emergencies, and the growing need for financial protection mechanisms among young adults. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, and data were collected from a sample of 384 students selected through stratified random sampling. However, 82 valid responses were received, representing a response rate of 21.4%. This low response rate is acknowledged as a significant limitation of the study, raising concerns about non-response bias and limiting the generalizability of findings. Data analysis involved univariate, bivariate, and multivariate techniques using STATA version 15 and Microsoft Excel. The study established that insurance awareness among students was very high, with 98.8% having heard about insurance services and 91.5% understanding how insurance works. However, only 46.3% of the students had insurance coverage, while 53.7% did not. The main reason for not having insurance was lack of income to afford premiums. Demographic characteristics such as age, gender, year of study, college, and place of residence were found to have no significant influence on insurance uptake. However, economic factors, particularly monthly income and source of income, were significant, with students having higher income and those with independent sources of income such as business or self-employment showing higher insurance uptake. Social and attitudinal factors emerged as the strongest determinants of insurance uptake. Insurance knowledge, friends influence, parents encouragement, trust in insurance companies, and willingness to enroll in the future were significantly associated with student insurance uptake. Students with high insurance knowledge were more likely to have insurance, and those whose friends or parents encouraged them were also more likely to be insured. Trust in insurance companies was also found to be a critical factor in determining insurance uptake. The study concludes that while insurance awareness among Makerere University students is high, uptake remains low due to affordability constraints and limited trust. Economic factors and social influences play a greater role in determining insurance uptake compared to demographic characteristics. The study recommends that universities should partner with insurance companies to develop affordable student-friendly insurance packages with lower premiums and flexible payment options. Insurance education should be integrated into the curriculum for all students to improve knowledge and understanding. Peer-led campaigns and mentorship programs should be promoted to encourage uptake, and insurance companies should build trust through transparency and campus-based sensitization. Universities should also consider including a low-cost health insurance scheme in tuition fees to ensure universal coverage at an affordable cost.
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ItemDeterminants of student's participation in e-commerce startups at Makerere University(Makerere university, 2026)The increasing growth of the digital economy has created numerous opportunities for university students to engage in e-commerce startups. However, participation in such ventures remains relatively low despite the availability of digital technologies and entrepreneurial support initiatives. This study examined the factors influencing students’ participation in e-commerce startups at Makerere University. Specifically, the study assessed the influence of socio-demographic, socioeconomic, and institutional factors on participation in e-commerce startups. A cross-sectional study design was adopted, and data were collected from 180 students using a structured questionnaire administered through Kobo Toolbox. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize respondents’ characteristics, while the Chi-square test of independence was used to examine associations between participation in e-commerce startups and selected independent variables. Significant variables were included in a binary logistic regression model to identify independent predictors of participation. Data analysis was conducted using R statistical software. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that male students (AOR = 2.14), students aged 24–26 years (AOR = 1.54, p = 0.031), students aged 27 years and above (AOR = 1.29), students in Year 4 and above (AOR = 2.87), entrepreneurship exposure (AOR = 2.31), access to finance (AOR = 2.07), training (AOR = 3.16), internet access (AOR = 4.83), and mentorship (AOR = 2.58) significantly increased the likelihood of participation in e-commerce startups. Conversely, students with low and moderate digital skills were significantly less likely to participate compared to those with high digital skills. The study recommends strengthening entrepreneurship training, mentorship programs, digital skills development, at Makerere University.
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ItemAnalyzing place of residence as a predictor of undergraduate academic performance at the School of Statistics and Planning (SSP), Makerere University(Makerere University, 2026)This study analysed place of residence as a predictor of undergraduate academic performance among students of the School of Statistics and Planning (SSP), Makerere University. The specific objectives were to examine the effect of place of residence, distance to campus, accommodation expenditure, study environment, and internet accessibility on students' cumulative grade point average (CGPA). A cross-sectional, quantitative research design was adopted. Primary data were collected from 250 undergraduate students at SSP using a structured, self-administered online questionnaire. Data were analysed at three levels: univariate analysis using frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations; bivariate analysis using the Pearson correlation coefficient; and multivariate analysis using ordinal logistic regression (the proportional-odds model), since the dependent variable, academic performance, is measured as four ordered CGPA categories rather than a continuous score. The model was checked for multicollinearity and for the proportionalodds (parallel-lines) assumption. The univariate results showed that most respondents lived in private hostels close to campus and reported a moderately favourable study environment and internet accessibility. At the bivariate level, only internet accessibility was significantly and positively correlated with CGPA (r = 0.17, p = 0.006); place of residence, distance to campus, accommodation expenditure, and study environment were not significantly correlated with academic performance. The ordinal logistic regression confirmed this pattern: internet accessibility was the only variable with a statistically significant effect on the odds of being in a higher CGPA category (odds ratio = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.11–1.76, p = 0.004), while the remaining predictors were not significant at the 5% level. The overall model explained only a modest share of the variation in academic performance (McFadden pseudo R-squared = 0.01) and the overall likelihood-ratio test was not significant (χ²(7) = 9.99, p = 0.189). The study concludes that, among SSP undergraduates, reliable internet access at one's residence is more strongly linked to academic performance than the type of residence, its distance from campus, its cost, or its physical study conditions. It is recommended that the university and private hostel operators around Makerere invest in reliable internet infrastructure, and that students prioritise internet access when choosing accommodation, as a practical step toward supporting better academic outcomes.